Probability of Selecting a Related Item Under Related Instructions

Under the related instructions the following factors will influence the probability of you choosing a related item.

• If you retrieve a verbatim trace for the target that the related item is related to (the related item is "dog" and you retrieve "cat") you will make a non-identity judgment.  Under the related instructions that will cause you to select the item, because you know it's an item that's related to an item you actually encountered.  The probability of making a non-identity judgment is N
• You could retrieve the gist trace and make a Similarity Judgment.  The probability of making a similarity judgment for a Related item is S_r
• You could respond based on your response bias.  The probability of responding due to response bias when given the Related instructions is b_R

So the equation for selecting a related item under the related instructions is:

          N+ (1-N)S_r + (1-N)(1-S_r)b_R