Missouri 2007

Go To: 2007 DEGREE-DAYS

Go To: PEST BIOLOGY

** Print Insect Trap Recording Form 2007 (pdf) **

Go To: RECOMMENDATIONS

PEST ALERTS:

 

Grape berry moth - larvae infest berries from 10 to 25 May (1st gen.) and 14 to 30 June (2nd gen.):  growers continue to see increasing amounts of GBM feeding damage in perimeter vines - weekly, check 300 clusters in perimeter for larvae. Spray if > 1% clusters are infested.  Near end of 2nd generation larval hatch/berry damage period (1700 DD).

 

Botrytis grape rot infection: Recently, Missouri had cool weather (high < 85F) and > 12 hrs 95% RH in Hermann, MO on 28 June and in Purdy, MO on both 30 June and 1 July.  These conditions may have triggered Botrytis infection. 

Green June Beetles: have been flying over pastures in NW AR and Purdy , MO since 2 July.  They will be looking for ripening fruit in the next week or two and be feeding on ripening fruit until mid- August.

Japanese beetles: First foliar damage on grapes occurred by 18 June and growers have been applying Sevin to top 1/3 of vines since 22 June (See below Table of JB trap catches).

 

Grape phylloxera – report of a galled leaf in Purdy, MO on June 8.  Seeing more phylloxera on vines from 8 June on - some growers spraying Danitol on very susceptible cultivars (Champbourcin, Vidal, Norton)

 

San Jose scale, Grape Scale and Grape Phylloxera crawlers are expected to emerge  in early May (Read below on how to sample for yellow crawlers).  SJS crawlers (2nd gen.) will emerge about 8 July (NW Arkansas).

 

Mites = seem to be delayed this spring.  No real outbreaks so far but mites could buildup anytime now.  When you see mites, weekly inspect 100 leaf of susceptible apple (Red Delicious) and peach trees for mites.  Spray if > 5 mites/ leaf (see Mite sampling below).

 

Plum Curculio - Summer generation adults emerge, feed and lay eggs after 1200 DD which occurs after 12 June (NW Arkansas), check weekly for new fruit damage to harvest.

 

 

2007 Trap Counts in Missouri

 

Date

Purdy

 Ste. Genevieve

Hermann

St. James

      Rocheport

JB

GBM

GRB

Cayuga

GBM

 Vidal GBM Chardonel GBM GRB* GRB*

JB

GBM  Shed

GBM  Tower

GRB

GBM

GRB
Apr. 16 0 0 0
Apr. 23-26 17 2 3 5 7

Apr. 30

 27 5 6
May 4-9   0   3 1 4       7 14      
May 11   0               11 8.5      
May 18-22 0 10 12.5 13
May 25-29   0   0 0 0       4 3.5      
May 31                   2 0      
June 4-5   0   0 0 0       2.5 3      
June 11-12 set 0   0 0 0       4 0      
June 18-19   0   1 moth

1461 DD

3 infested clusters/100

 0 moth

 

1 infested clusters/100

0 moth

 

0 infested clusters/100

 0 0   5.5 6.5      
June 25-31 1,110 0 0 1 moth

1670 DD

9 infested perimeter clusters/100

0 damaged in interior vines

 0 moth

 

2 infested perimeter  clusters/100

0 damaged in interior vines

 0 moth

 19 infested perimeter clusters/100

0 damaged in interior vines

 0 0   3.5 1.5 21    
July 2-6 2,722 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6.5 6.5
July 9-13 9,166 0 0 (77 infested /100) 0  (3  infested /100) 0  (30 infested /100) 9 2 0 11.5 7 18.5
July 17-20 3,111 0 0 (9   infested /100)  0 (6   infested /100) 0 (38 infested /100) 8 8 1 2.5 3
July 24-27 524 0 8 17 14 16.5 40 8.5
July 30-31 103 0 1 (8 infested    /100) 0 (0 infested /100) 0 (0 infested /100) 2 1 0 2.5 0
Aug. 4-6 Removed traps 0

0 (0 infested /100)

 -- 0 (0 infested / 100) 2 0 0 14.5 10.5
Aug. 12-13 0 0 (2 infested /100) 1 (1 infested /100) 3 (3 infested /100) 1.5 0 0 6 6 20
Aug. 16-20 0 4 ( 1 infested/ 100), 1 (2 infested/ 100) 0 (3 infested / 100) 0.5 0 15.5 10.5
Aug. 26-29 0 8.5 0 0 0 0 0 74

          * GRB = grape root borer; GBM = grape berry moth; JB = Japanese beetle

 

Click To See Pest Degree-days (AR or MO)

MO Grape Berry Moth     (Photo GBM moth)

AR Codling Moth           (Photo CM larva)

AR Plum Curculio          (Photo PC adult)

AR Oriental Fruit Moth   (Photo OFM moth)

AR San Jose Scale         (Photo SJS)

 

 

Pest Biology & Recommendations       

I. Indirect Pests should Be Monitored For and Controlled as Needed:

San Jose Scale (SJS), Grape Scale (GS) & Grape Phylloxera (GP)

o These pests can damage trees or vines by feeding on limbs (SJS), canes (GS) or leaves (GP).

o SJS, GS and GP crawler emergence spray periods occur during May - see SCOUTING  below to time sprays

o 2nd generation SJS crawlers will emerge in mid to late June (1587 DD on)

o SCOUTING: Set out SJS pheromone traps in scale-infested fruit trees by 25 March, note date of 1st trap catch &

   begin accumulating degree days above 51F.

o SAMPLING: for SJS, GS and Grape Phylloxera - In late April, place several strips of either double sticky Scotch tape or

    scotch tape (sticky side out) around infested limbs and twice weekly use a hand lens to check for presence of yellow

    crawlers on tapes or inside grape leaf galls (size of typed period ".") .

o Insecticide spray: In 2007, keep trees or vines protected as long as live yellow crawlers persist in May (2 to 3 weeks)

   Grape Root Borer (GRB)

o In July and August, you can assess percentage of vines in your vineyard with GRB by count the number of pupal skins on the soil within 1-1/2 ft of trunks of 100 vines scattered throughout the vineyard.  In 2005 and 2006, we saw less than 5% of vines with pupal skins.  Click to see pupal skin

  Japanese Beetle (JB)

o Watch for JB adult feeding from mid-June through July and protect foliage as needed (spray only attacked canopy).

   http://comp.uark.edu/~dtjohnso/japbeetle.html 

 

Mites

o From Early May through season, weekly select 100 leaves randomly (10 from 1o trees) from susceptible cultivars of apple

   and peach trees and inspect for presence of spider mites. 

   Spray when trees:

      - In May  have > 65% mite infested leaves or 2.5 mites/leaf.

      - In June have > 77% mite infested leaves or 5 mites/leaf.

      - In July  have > 85% mite infested leaves or 7.5 mites/leaf.

   Grape Berry Moth   

SCOUTING:

o From 1 April to late May, have 2 or 3 GBM pheromone traps set 6 ft above ground from tree limbs at edge of woods adjacent to vineyard

    and in late May move traps to interior of vineyard.  Weekly, record trap catches (see above).

o Insecticide - spray if you see larvae infested berries in perimeter of vineyard - hatch occurs after 15 to 30 June.

    Oriental Fruit Moths (OFM)

SCOUTING In PEACH:

o From late April through rest of summer, look for flagged peach terminals (dying terminal with tunneled pith). This will give you an idea

    if your orchard is building up a population of OFM that will be a problem in 2008.

o Spray young peach trees that are being shape trained to prevent terminal flagging.  Spray young trees during egg hatch:

    from 400 to 700 DD (base 45F), 2nd generation from 1300 to 1700 DD = after 1 June

o Mating disruption (MD) is really effective against Oriental fruit moth. You might consider using MD in 2008 because the

   over wintering OFM population should be greatly reduced due to the lack of fruit in 2007.  Place 100 Isomate-M Rosso MD

   ropes/acre as high in the tree as you can reach by first flight of 2nd generation OFM adult (mid 18 May).  Note, these MD

   dispensers prevent OFM mating for up to 90 days in Arkansas. 

   Call Donn Johnson (479-575-2501) if you have questions about using MD ropes against OFM.

   (Source: PACIFIC BIOCONTROL CORPORATION, Vancouver, WA 98685; Telephone 1-800-999-8805)

   Codling Moth (CM)        

SCOUTING:

o I predict that we will see a drastic drop in CM trap counts during the season since there are no fruit on the trees. 

o Insecticide coverage - should be little need for CM sprays in 2007 due to lack of fruit to protect.

o Mating disruption (MD) is effective against codling moth. You might consider using MD in 2008 because the over wintering

   CM population should be greatly reduced due to the lack of fruit in 2007.  Place 200 Isomate-C TT ropes/acre in upper third of

   canopy by first flight of 1st generation CM adult (1 April - before trap biofix).  Note, these MD dispensers prevent CM mating

   for up to 120 days in Arkansas. 

  Call Donn Johnson (479-575-2501) if you have questions about using MD ropes against CM.

  (Source: PACIFIC BIOCONTROL CORPORATION 14615 NE 13th Court, Suite A, Vancouver, WA 98685; Telephone 1-800-999-8805) 

 

 Stink Bugs - starting to see some immature stink bugs.  The immature stage is easiest to control with insecticide.

 

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Last updated:  31 August 2007

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Donn Johnson (Faculty Web Page)

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