Review  PB Test # 2  scheduled for Wed. Oct.13, 1999**

As before, these topics/questions focus you on text material which was covered in lecture.
Use these items and your class notes for a complete set of info for the test.
Practice the questions (both short answer ?s and thought ?s) for each chapter.

Don't forget the in-class assignment on 10/11.**

Unit: Basic Cell Chemistry and Structure

Chapter 3

Be able to recognize/name and explain basic aspects of atomic structure, functional groups,
bonds and chemical reactions 

Four major categories of macromolecules/organic molecules
   Be able to recognize formulae and structural models/diagrams of all 4 categories
   Recognize the structure of all monomers for each category
   What types of chemical reactions occur when macromolecules are synthesized or 
          degraded?
   What are the roles of each category?   give examples
   Figs showing structure of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
   Table 3.7

Know the importance/significance of special organic mols [and which major category
 they belong to] such as: phospholipids, ATP, DNA, RNA, enzymes, starch and glycogen

We also emphasized proteins in this unit
   Diagram and label synthesis of dipeptide 
   Understand the levels of protein structure/conformation
   Figs 3.23, 24, 27,28

MC box: pg  39, 53
Summary 1-12, 17-20
============
Chapt 4

What statements are included in explaining the Cell Theory?
Who were the five early scientists who provided info and/or methods which contributed to the
foundations of this concept?

What characteristics will enable you to distinguish among eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cells
and archaean cells?
Be able to label organelles and/or other features in a diagram of any of these cells.
Know the functions of each feature/organelle.
What organelles are unique[for the most part] to the Kingdoms? 
If metabolism associated with any organelle was impaired, how would the cell be affected?
  Make a list and give an effect 

What is the basic structure of a virus?  Why is it not considered (by most biologists)
to be alive?

Figures 4.3, 5, 7-10, 13-16
Table 4.1, 3
MC box:  pg 63, 75
Summary 1-9
=========================
Chpt 5

The cell membrane serves to separate the interior cellular environment from the
outside environment.  The cell membrane also is highly specialized for specific functions
and conveys "self".
   What is its structure?  Fig 5.2, 3    
   Fluid-mosaic model - explain
   How does structure/chemical composition relate to function?   T 5.1
   What is meant by "self" in this context?

Materials do cross this barrier.  How?  Fig 5.5-7, 9, 11,13
  Distinguish between:
      diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis    T 5.2
      passive and active transport
      endocytosis and exocytosis
  What role do membrane proteins play in transport?      

What is the cytoskeleton?  its chemical composition?  its role in cells?  
   F 5.18, 19

What is the role of cell junctions?  T 5.3

Bioethics Box  pg 104-5

MC box:  pg 87, 93, 96
Summary: 1-9, 11
=======================
Chpt 6

Why does a living organism require energy?
What is the 1st Law of Thermodynamics and how does it affect living organisms?

What is metabolism?   What are metabolic pathways?  Fig 6.8

What is ATP?  What does it provide to cells?     F 6.13
How is it linked to biological reactions?        F 6.14

What are enzymes?  What is their function?       F 6.17
Why are enzymes so specific?

Summary: 1, 3, 5, 7, 8

Good luck!